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The Hindu Vocab - 21 May 2025

Vocabulary Cards
The Hindu Vocab - 21 May 2025
1. Arbitrary (Adjective)

Meaning: अतार्किक, मनमाना : योजना या तर्क पर आधारित न होकर, यादृच्छिक पसंद या व्यक्तिगत इच्छा पर आधारित

Synonyms: Random, Erratic, Capricious

Antonyms: Rational, Reasonable

Example Sentence: Since the group could not come to a decision on lunch, Katherine made an arbitrary choice and ordered pizza.

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2. Surreptitious (Adjective)

Meaning: गुप्त : ऐसा कार्य जो छुपकर या चोरी-छिपे किया गया हो

Synonyms: Secret, Covert, Clandestine, Furtive

Antonyms: Overt, Public, Open

Example Sentence: After hitting the lottery, the private family hoped to keep their surreptitious winnings to themselves.

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3. Equanimity (Noun)

Meaning: धैर्य : विशेष रूप से कठिन स्थिति में शांत और संयमित रहने की स्थिति

Synonyms: Composure, Calmness, Serenity, Cool, Collectedness, Tranquility

Antonyms: Agitation, Anxiety, Discomposure

Example Sentence: During the horrible storm, it was hard for us to focus and maintain our equanimity.

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4. Strife (Noun)

Meaning: विवाद : मूलभूत मुद्दों पर क्रोधित या कड़वा मतभेद; संघर्ष

Synonyms: Discord, Conflict, Disagreement, Dispute

Antonyms: Peace, Harmony, Agreement, Cooperation, Concord

Example Sentence: If the two countries do not put their strife to rest, they will cause the deaths of thousands of citizens.

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5. Exertion (Noun)

Meaning: तनाव : शारीरिक या मानसिक प्रयास

Synonyms: Strain, Struggle, Toil

Antonyms: Ease, Inaction, Inactivity

Example Sentence: After the surgery, I was told to avoid tasks that required a large amount of physical exertion.

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6. Defy (Verb)

Meaning: अवहेलना करना : खुलेआम विरोध करना या आज्ञा मानने से इनकार करना

Synonyms: Resist, Withstand, Confront, Oppose

Antonyms: Obey, Follow, Comply (with)

Example Sentence: I wouldn’t have dared to defy my teachers.

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7. Frenzy (Noun)

Meaning: उन्माद : अनियंत्रित उत्तेजना या जंगली व्यवहार की स्थिति

Synonyms: Hysteria, Madness, Mania

Antonyms: Calm, Peace, Composure

Example Sentence: The mental patient was known to go into a frenzy if he didn’t get his snack on time.

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8. Let The Cat Out Of The Bag (Idiom)

Meaning: गलती से कोई राज़ उजागर कर देना

Synonyms: Reveal, Disclose, Discover

Antonyms: Conceal, Cover (Up), Enshroud, Hide

Example Sentence: Never, ever tell Martha anything personal as she always lets the cat out of the bag.

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9. Foment (Verb)

Meaning: भड़काना : किसी अवांछनीय या हिंसक भावना या कार्रवाई को उकसाना

Synonyms: Provoke, Incite, Trigger

Antonyms: Calm, Cease, Depress, Constrain

Example Sentence: Despite popular beliefs, the police are here to keep people calm, not to foment violence.

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10. Menace (Verb)

Meaning: खतरा : ऐसा व्यक्ति या चीज़ जो हानि पहुंचा सकती है

Synonyms: Threat, Danger, Peril, Risk, Hazard

Antonyms: Guard, Protect, Save

Example Sentence: Once the baby learned to walk, he became a menace who pulled down every item he could reach.

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Attempt this Quiz and Check your performance


1. What does the word “Arbitrary” mean?

A) Based on planning and logic

B) Based on random choice or personal whim

C) Always following a fixed pattern


2. What is the meaning of “Surreptitious”?

A) Done openly

B) Done secretly, without being noticed

C) Done by a group decision


3. “Equanimity” refers to:

A) Intense excitement

B) Sudden anger

C) Calmness and composure in difficult situations


4. What is the meaning of “Strife”?

A) Peaceful discussion

B) Bitter conflict or disagreement

C) Joyful cooperation


5. What does “Exertion” mean?

A) A state of rest

B) A physical or mental effort

C) A simple task


6. The word “Defy” means:

A) To follow orders

B) To openly resist or refuse to obey

C) To cheer someone up


7. What does “Frenzy” mean?

A) State of peace and quiet

B) A calm discussion

C) A state of uncontrolled excitement or wild behavior


8. What does the idiom “Let the cat out of the bag” mean?

A) To hide a secret

B) To reveal a secret carelessly or by mistake

C) To protect someone’s privacy


9. The meaning of the word “Foment” is:

A) To calm a situation

B) To ignore violence

C) To instigate or stir up something undesirable


10. What does “Menace” refer to?

A) Something harmless

B) A threat or danger

C) A protective force


 

Answers:


1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-B, 5-B, 6-B, 7-C, 8-B, 9-C, 10-B

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